ü LEFT- AND RIGHT-BRAIN DOMINANCE
Left- and
right-brain dominance is potentially significant issue in developing a theory
of second language acquisition. Nevertheless, the left-/right-brain construct
helps to define another useful learning style continuum, with implications for
second language learning and teaching. While few studies have set out
explicitly to correlate the two factors, intuitive observation of learners and
conclusions from studies of both hemispheric preference and F1 show a strong
relationship.
ü REFLECTIVITY AND IMPULSIVITY
Psychological studies
have been conducted to determine the degree to which in the cognitive domain a
person tends to make either a quick or gambling (impulsive) guess at an answer
to a problem or a slower, more calculated (reflective) decision.
ü VISUAL, AUDITORY, AND KINESTHETIC STYLE
Visual learners
usually enjoy reading and prefer to see the words that they are learning. They
also like to learn by looking at pictures and flashcards. Auditory learners
prefer listening to lectures and audiotapes. They enjoy conversations and the
chance for interactions with others. They don’t need to see words written down.
(A recent study has found that Koreans and Japanese students tend to be visual
learners, whereas English-speaking Americans prefer the auditory learning
style.) And kinesthetic learners will
show a preference for demonstrations and physical activity involving bodily
movement and need frequent breaks in desk activities.
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