Group 9
Adiati Bagus Sadewa / 2130730005
Fifin Ismi Mahmudah / 2130730028

Cooperative Learning is an instructional strategy in which small groups of students work together on a common task. In some cases, each group member is individually accountable for part of the task; in other cases, group members work together without formal role assignments.

According to David Johnson and Roger Johnson, there are five basic elements that allow successful small-group learning:

· Positive interdependence: Students feel responsible for their own and the group's effort.

· Face-to-face interaction: Students encourage and support one another; the environment encourages discussion and eye contact.

· Individual and group accountability: Each student is responsible for doing their part; the group is accountable for meeting its goal.

· Group behaviors: Group members gain direct instruction in the interpersonal, social, and collaborative skills needed to work with others occurs.

· Group processing: Group members analyze their own and the group's ability to work together.

Cooperative learning changes students' and teachers' roles in classrooms. The ownership of teaching and learning is shared by groups of students, and is no longer the sole responsibility of the teacher. The authority of setting goals, assessing learning, and facilitating learning is shared by all. Students have more opportunities to actively participate in their learning, question and challenge each other, share and discuss their ideas, and internalize their learning.