Abdul Gani
Zukhruf Umul
Pratiwi
Personality
factors are the intrinsic side of affectivity within a person that can
contribute in some way to the success of language learning.These factors will be explained below.
SELF-ESTEEM
Basically,
self-esteem is a psychological and social phenomenon in which an individual
evaluates his/her competence and own self according to some values, which may
result in different emotional states, and which becomes developmentally stable
but is still open to variation depending on personal circumstances. A definition
is very “useful in making the distinction between authentic or healthy
self-esteem and pseudo or unhealthy self-esteem”
Willingness
Willingness can be
defined as an underlying continuum representing the predisposition toward or
away from communicating given the choice.
INHIBITION
Inhibition
is closely related to self-esteem: the weaker the self-esteem; the stronger the
inhibition to protect the weak ego. Ehrman (1993)suggests that students with
thick, perfectionist boundaries find language learning more difficult than
those learners with thin boundaries who favor attitudes of openness and the
tolerance of ambiguity. As Brown (1994)noted, language learning implies a great
deal of self-exposure as it necessarily involves making mistakes.
Risk
Taking
The learners have to be
able to gamble a bit, to be willing to try out hunches about the language and
take the risk of being wrong. When someone does not afraid to take a risk and
make a mistake, she/he will be able to dominate the language which they learn.
ANXIETY
As
learners we have all encountered this feeling, which is no doubt closely linked
with self-esteem and inhibition. Any task that involves a certain degree of
challenge can expose the learner to feelings of self-doubt, uneasiness or fear.
Behind these emotions lies the question: shall I succeed? As second language
learning is a highly demanding task, it is very likely to raise anxiety in the
learner. Anxiety can be considered a negative factor in language learning, and
several teaching methodologies in modern approaches indicate that anxiety
should be kept as low as possible
EMPATHY
Empathy, the ability to
put oneself in another shoes, is also predicted to be relevant to acquisition
in that the empathic person may be the one who is able to identify more easily
with speakers of a target language and thus accept their input as intake for
language acquisition (lowered affective filter).
Extroversion
Extroversion is the
extent to which a person has a deep-seated need to receive ego enhancement,
self-esteem, and a sense of wholeness from other people as opposed to receiving
that affirmation within oneself.
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