Name : Ahmad Hudan Grisha

              Mery Intinia Defi

Communicative Competence

·        Defining Communicative Competence

Communicative competence distinguished between linguistic and communicative competence “about” language froms and knowledge that enables a person to communicate functionally and interactively.

There are 4 different compenents, or subcategories, made up the construct of Communicative Competence:

1.      Grammatical competence à The encompasses, its mean that knowledge of lexical items and of rules morphology, syntax, sentence-grammar semantics, and phonology.

2.      Discourse competence à The ability we have to connect sentences in stretches of discourse and to form a meaningfull whole out of a series of utterances.

3.      Sociolinguistic competence à The knowledge of the sociocultural rules of language and of discourse.

4.      Strategic competence à a construct that is exceedingly complex.

·       Language Functions

Communication is not merely an event, something that happens: it is functional, purposed, and designed to bring about some effect, however subtle or unobservable on the environment of speakers.

Second language learner need to understand the purpose of communicatio, developing an awereness of what the purpose of a communicative act is how to achieve that purpose through linguistic forms.

a.       Organizational Competence  

Grammatical Competence    :     Vocabulatory

Morphology

Syntax

Phonology/ Craphonoly

                   Textual Competence             :    Cohesion

                                                                      Rhetorical Organization

b.      Pragmatic Competence

Illocutionary Competence    :      Ideational Function

                                                     Heuristic Function

                                                     Imaginative Function

Sociolinguistic Competence :      Sensitivity to Dialect or Variety

                                                     Sensitivity to Register

                                                     Cultural References and Figures of Speech

·        Holliday’s Seven Functions of Language

The functional apporach to describing language is one that has its roots in the tradition of british linguished who viewed language as intractive and interpersonal, “ a way of behaving and making other behave”

There are seven different of language :

1.      The instrumental function       à served of manipulate the environment, to cause certain happens

2.      The regulatory function             à language is the control of events

3.      The representational function  à used of language make statements convery, facts, and knowledge.

4.      The interactional function à language served ensure social mantain.

5.      The personal function à a speaker to express feeling emotion personality, good level, and reaction.

6.      The heurisctic function à involves language used to acquire knowledge to learn about environment

7.      The imaginative function à serves to create imaginary system or ideas.

·        Functional Approaches to Language Teaching

Structural syllabus, was relagated to a secondary focus. Such as existence, space, time, quantity, and quality and to what we also call contexts or situations, such as travel, health, eductaion, shopping, and free time.

1.      Introducing self and other people

2.      Exchanging personal information

3.      Asking how to spell someone’s name

4.      Giving commands

5.      Apologizing and thanking

6.      Identifying and describing people

7.      Asking for information