LANGUAGE FUNCTION
Ø Functions are essentially the purposes that we accomplish with
language.
Example:
1)
Stating
2)
Requesting
3)
Responding
4)
Greeting
5)
Parting,
etc.
Ø Functions cannot be accomplished, of course, without the forms of
language:
1.
Morphemes
2.
Words
3.
Grammar
rules
4.
Discourse
rules
5.
Other
organizational competencies.
Ø Communication is a series of communicative acts or speech acts, to
use John Austin’s (1962) term, which are used systematically to accomplish
particular purposes.
Ø Second language learners need to understand the purpose of
communication, developing an awareness of what the purpose of communicative act
is and how to achieve that purpose through linguistic form.
A.
Halliday’s
Seven Functions of Language
Michael Halliday (1973), who provided one of the best expositions
of language functions of language functions, used the term to mean the
purposive nature of communication, and outlined seven different functions of
language:
1.
The instrumental
function
2.
The regulatory
function
3.
The representational
function
4.
The interactional
function
5.
The personal
function
6.
The heuristic
function
7.
Imaginative
function
B.
Functional
Approaches to Language teaching
> Structural syllabus was relegated to a secondary focus.
> The “functional” part of the notional-functional syllabus
corresponded to what have defined above as language functions
> Curricula were organized around such functions as:
a)
Identifying
b)
Reporting
c)
Denying
d)
Declining
an invitation
e)
Asking
permission
f)
Apologizing,
ect
ü The following functions are covered in the several lessons of an
advanced-beginner’s textbook:
1)
Introducing
self and other people
2)
Exchanging
personal information
3)
Asking
how to spell someone’s name
4)
Giving
commands
5)
Apologizing
and thanking
6)
Identifying
and describing people
7)
Asking
for information
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